OSI Model Layer | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Layer | Data unit | Function | Examples | |
Host layers | 7. Application | Data | High-level APIs , including resource sharing, remote file access, directory services and virtual terminals | HTTP , FTP , SMTP , SSH , TELNET |
6. Presentation | Translation of data between a networking service and an application; including character encoding , data compression and encryption/decryption | HTML , CSS , GIF | ||
5. Session | Managing communication sessions, i.e. continuous exchange of information in the form of multiple back-and-forth transmissions between two nodes | RPC,PAP,SSL,SQL | ||
4. Transport | Segments/Datagram | Reliable transmission of data segments between points on a network, including segmentation, acknowledgement and multiplexing | TCP, UDP, NETBEUI | |
Media layers | 3. Network | Packet | Structuring and managing a multi-node network, including addressing, routing and traffic control | IPv4, IPv6, IPsec,AppleTalk, ICMP |
2. Data link | Frame | Reliable transmission of data frames between two nodes connected by a physical layer | PPP , IEEE 802.2 , L2TP , MAC , LLDP | |
1. Physical | Bit | Transmission and reception of raw bit streams over a physical medium | Ethernet physical layer , DSL , USB , ISDN , DOCSIS |
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